Thursday, 25 May 2017

A 'solution' to the problems of South African university education



Educational development in  Africa most certainly needs to be focused on solving current economic problems and generating economic ‘drivers’, not just ‘passengers’.  But there are other equally important problems and challenges.  In South Africa in particular, these relate to the profoundly detrimental effects of Segregation/Apartheid in general and the Verwoerdian Separate Development and Vorster/Bothaian brutality that followed. http://www.politicsweb.co.za/opinion/verwoerd-should-not-be-remembered-fondly?utm_source=Politicsweb+Daily+Headlines&utm_campaign=ad23e044b4-DHN_20_Sept_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_a86f25db99-ad23e044b4-140202025
 
South African masses, especially (but not only) poor people, have been (and to some extent continue to be) educationally, socially and psychologically disabled/emasculated.  This is why the Black Consciousness Movement emerged and developed rapidly.  Tragically, it was crushed by the Vorster/Botha Regimes and morphed into multiple, amorphous (in some cases antagonistic) entities pursuing political ‘agendas’ that have and continue to focus on ‘reverse racism’ at the expense of self-discipline and educational development, Afrocentric or otherwise.

My alma mater and employer for more than four decades is an excellent example of how universities have failed to deliver the academic ‘goods’.  The foundational failure is in the production of skilled basic educators.  There is no longer an undergraduate programme dedicated to producing school teachers.  What educational education that does occur is post bachelors and attempts to develop subject specialist graduates (even those with PhDs who regard teaching as career plan “B”) into teachers.  The closure of teachers training colleges was a major blow as well.

On top of this, UCT has admitted and continues to admit large numbers of school-leavers who, despite performing adequately on the UCT-admission-filter test, fail to complete their undergraduate degree on time (often not at all) or do so with barely passing marks.  In too many cases these aspirant members of society are only not socio-assets, they are bitter, unemployed who have wasted 3-5 years and tens of thousands of Rands or carry this as unpaid debt.  This a recipe for the disaster that is happening at UCT as I write.

Even if the inadequate admissions test were remedied to identify bright, passionate, hard-working matriculants capable of coping with the myriad of challenges presented by life at UCT, which is inherently competitive and profoundly foreign to the school experience, the process is failing.  Many of even the best and brightest enter without the knowledge and knowledge-acquiring skills needed to succeed.  On top of this, even after a generation of post-liberation, many are handicapped in terms of the lingering effects of Apartheid sensu lato and daily outside-UCT existence.  They need nurturing in the form of decent accommodation, food and social interaction with the full spectrum of their colleagues.

What is ‘the’ solution?

Of course there is no ‘quick-fix’ or panacea.  But here are some suggestions, most (probably all) of which will offend the ‘Fallists’ at one extreme and reactionary ‘crypto-colonists’ at the other.

First, in the almost certain absence of massive new investment financially and in new, appropriately-skilled staff (if they could be found and recruited), fewer educationally disabled school-leavers should be admitted.  These should be chosen carefully, by means of one-on-one interviews and background investigations – not just a test – to maximize their chances for success.  Depending on the students’ access to finance, flexible support for ALL their needs (not wants/demands – food, accommodation, books, internet access, multi-diversity socialization, etc.) MUST be provided.  This could be in the form of full scholarships for the best/brightest/poorest to repayable loans or post-graduate service (as is currently the practice with medical graduates) for the more affluent.    To allow massive intake of academically weak, ill-supported first-year students is a recipe for disaster for all concerned.

Second, all (not some) disciplinary curricula should be reviewed to demonstrate the extent to which they equip bachelors graduates with the requisite skills to compete in the real world (get jobs).  Where there are ‘deficiencies’ in this regard, they need to be justified (e.g. in terms of unequivocally defensible academic ‘standards’) or remedied.  Also, when and where it can be justified, cross-disciplinary educational programmes that add intellectual ‘strings’ to the students’ ‘bows’ should be explored.  Topics such as basic history with strong (but not sole) African/philosophical components and applied mathematics/statistics make sense to me.  Fundamentally, there should be no compromise of educational excellence in favour of ‘good-enough-for-government-work competence’.  UCT graduates should be able to compete on an international scale.

Third, increase the basic bachelor’s degree to four years and do away with the honours year.
Fourth, carefully explore opportunities for rapid, relevant post-graduate development.  To that end, UCT IN THE NEWS has an article on the highly successful M.Sc. Programme in Conservation Biology.

Now to what will make me some more enemies, also across the Fallist/crypto-colonist spectrum.
Academics need to make the most major long-term transformations.  Currently, UCT’s staff is disproportionately white and male.  If a newly appointed lecturer survives a review after three years’ service (and nearly all do), he/she becomes “tenured” and effectively ‘un-fireable’.  I recollect only a handful of academics who have been removed from their posts for cause.   Now, of course, with a potential looming financial bottle-neck, some academics may be retrenched.  For my initial ideas on this see: http://www.groundup.org.za/article/uct-jobs-shed/
 
My current views are as follows.  The ‘good old days’, such as they were are gone.  It’s now virtually impossible for an academic to have unfettered choice about what to teach and study.  It never really was.  

Contrary to Fallists’ claims, most (if not all) academics at UCT do not see their jobs and education as commodity-driven.  They see their profession as a vocation and many choose to work at UCT for much less remuneration that they could obtain elsewhere.  Most see education as an intellectual adventure during which they feel free to explore and debate all matter of ideas.  Some are more set in their ideas than others.  

The reality is that universities are going to (or should) make hard choices where to cut posts.  To a great extent, these choices should take cognizance of South Africa’s immediate needs and projected ‘wants’.   In my broad field, biology, at the undergraduate level, these are largely in education (producing school teachers).  The existing departmental structure, a partitioning into molecular and whole-organism biology, does not address this need.  It is beyond my expertise to offer a solution beyond merging departments without compromising students academics have choices


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