Wednesday 10 May 2017

Decolonisation of science: a way backward



Decolonisation of science: a way backward


Emeritus Prof. Tim Crowe

It is good to see that people are discussing the “decolonization” of Science.
Sadly, the infamous video clip they refer to does not constitute “discussion”.  http://int.search.myway.com/search/video.jhtml?n=782b680d&p2=%5EY6%5Exdm010%5ES19139%5Eza&pg=video&pn=1&ptb=EFE19F51-3563-4ECE-83A7-9175081A7420&qs=&searchfor=decolonizing+science+video+clip+south+africa&si=CKWn3oi8lNACFZIaGwodVFIE_Q&ss=sub&st=tab&tpr=sbt&trs=wtt&vidOrd=1&vidId=C9SiRNibD14  It was a monologue packed with grossly incorrect statements and extremely disturbing proposals, against which opposing views were aggressively suppressed.  Enough said on that.

I am also concerned that the goal of others is to find “a consensus view of what a decolonised science education means to staff and students”.  http://www.groundup.org.za/article/science-and-decolonisation-way-forward/  I would prefer the term synergistic synthesis.  The word “consensus” reeks with the notion of compromise resulting in mediocrity.   But, before I go into detail, I want to outline what many of those who favour the process of decolonization clearly define it to be as it relates to academic staffing, curricula and teaching methods.

What is “decolonization”?  
As far as I can determine (and please correct me), it is a process that inter alia

1.     1.  dismisses the validity of ideas based, not on merit determined by rational debate, but on the ‘race’, gender, age, geographical origin and historical provenance of their promoters;

2.     2,   rejects their comparison via unfettered debate because they have merely been reified and have no ontological status;
3.     
          3.   assumes that there was a pre-colonial knowledge that was suppressed and can be resurrected;
4.       asserts that there may also be new post-colonial knowledge/paradigms that can compete (even out-compete) existing alternatives (‘colonial’ or otherwise); and

5.     4,  questions the notions of what constitutes knowledge, who should produce, teach it and be taught - and how.

In the absence of 3 and 4, decolonization is inherently locally socio-economico-politically selective, potentially exclusionary and deconstructive, and requires ideological expurgation and non-epistemic-based staffing attrition before there can be reconstruction.

Under these circumstances, if it fails to offer (to quote one UCT ‘decolonialist’ professor) something to “take the university to a higher level” adjudged by respected international reviewers,  and (I would suggest) most of South Africa’s currently unheard, un-consulted, “silenced” academics (and students, fee-paying parents, alumni and donors), regardless of how they “self-identify” would adamantly oppose such a process.

This is in sharp contrast to UCT’s long-established policy of “adaptive transformation” that maintains that:
1.     1.   the potential validity of ideas should be based fundamentally on academic merit determined by rational debate;

2.      2. the primacy of potentially valid, opposing ideas be determined by further unfettered comparison/rational-debate and scientific competition assessed using internationally respected criteria and within peer-reviewed literature;

3.    3.   pre-colonial knowledge that was suppressed/ignored must be resurrected and debated on equal footing; 

4.    4.    new post-colonial knowledge/paradigms (regardless of the provenance) must also compete with existing alternatives (‘colonial’, ‘Eurocentric’ or otherwise);

5.    5.    knowledge constitutes reasoned information uncircumscribed by the conditioning effects of historical/socio-economic/political circumstances, and can be produced and taught by anyone assessed by epistemic peers on merit.

Now to some specifics.
1.      Yes, science should be taught in its historical context; ethical considerations of both research and the opportunities that new technologies offer need to be widely debated; and it is important to demonstrate how their training in science can be applied in careers outside of academia.
2.      Yes, teaching and research should focus on subjects that will positively affect the majority of South Africans, or at least specifically African questions.  But I would substitute focus with emphasize to minimize the danger of excluding perfectly applicable ideas because they are non-African-sourced.
3.      I don’t know what changing the culture of universities and the demographics of the staff entails.  If it means academic ‘cleansing’ under any guise other that merit assessed using internationally accepted criteria, I oppose it.  If it means hiring/firing/promoting people on any basis other than merit, I oppose it adamantly.  If a university adopts such a new culture, it will retrogress from a being centre with delusions of grandeur to becoming a collection of buildings populated by academics and students with aspirations to mediocrity driven by the desire to ‘unoffend’.
4.     
           I agree that applied research can be prioritized, but not to the exclusion of own-choice, curiosity-driven research.  I abhor the terms “basic/blue-skies” and “ivory tower” research.  But, regardless of how it is characterized, poor research should not supplant good-to-outstanding research assessed by epistemic peers.  Self-praise is no praise.
5.     
          I don’t agree that the general public is unaware of the content of university research outputs. These are splattered all over the pages of the social media.   It’s the researcher’s job to do communicate her/his findings, emphasizing their Afrocentricity – I prefer Afro-relevance, since it can be a key factor in obtaining employment.

6.      Yes, “We can and should do more” if only the unlawful actions of protesters were curtailed and ‘core’ academics would buy into adaptive transformation.  If the current educational/research momentum is lost, it may never be regained.

7.      Those favouring decolonization should reflect on the consequences of the Cultural Revolution in 1960-70s China.  If a similar movement happens in South Africa, it probably won’t recover.  Just see what’s happened at many universities elsewhere in Africa.

8.      There is only one viable strategy: education should be taught at the highest international standard, so that students trained in Africa can become international leaders in all fields.  Science is an international endeavour.

9.      Yes, many students admitted to South African universities have been educationally ‘disabled’ by a collapsed Basic Educational System described by some as inferior to the vile Bantu Education.  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3679706.stm  For 30+ years, the University of Cape Town, for example, has ‘addressed’ this ‘handicap’ using various forms of academic support provided by academic staff effectively outsourced from the ‘Core’ departments.  This approach has failed many students who form the legitimate core of the protesters.  But, in short, ‘core’ academics need to become ‘insourced’ into the process, adapt (not-decolonize) curricula (making them job – especially school teacher – relevant) and mentor students face-to-face and one-on-one from day 1 to graduation to ensure that they get the most special of degrees, a JOB.

The time is over for the students to be ‘sinking or swimming’.  If the academics don’t ‘stand and deliver’, it will be them who sink.


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